نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی معماری ، عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

3 دانشجو دکتری معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

10.34785/J011.2021.299

چکیده

وضعیت اقتصادی افراد در جوامع کنونی، نقش مهمی در گرایش به زندگی آنها در گونه­های آپارتمانی و تبدیل آن به یک الگوی رایج در مسکن شهری دارد. این در حالی است که زندگی در این گونه فضاها با مشکلات عدیده­ای چون افزایش میزان کمبود ویتامینD ، اضافه وزن و کاهش سلامت جسمانی، انواع آسیب­های اجتماعی، کاهش فضاهای شخصی و کاهش سطح سلامت روانی همراه است که این موارد خود تهدید کننده سلامت ساکنان به شمار می­رود. با این حال از دیدگاه سازمان بهداشت جهانی، سلامت به معنای تأمین همزمان سه بعد جسمی، روانی و اجتماعی افراد است. بنابراین به نظر می­رسد که وضعیت اقتصادی افراد، تأثیر مستقیم و بی­واسطه­ای بر کیفیت زندگی و تأمین سلامت آنها دارد. به همین منظور پژوهش حاضر به دنبال بررسی سه بعد سلامت در ترجیحات مردم با وضعیت اقتصادی متفاوت، به هنگام انتخاب مسکن آپارتمانی و اولویت مؤلفه­های تأثیرگذار در انتخاب آنها در این سه حوزه است. به عبارت دیگر پژوهش حاضر به دنبال آن است تا روشن نماید کدام بعد سلامت در ترجیحات افراد در انتخاب مسکن در اولویت قرار دارد و آیا وضعیت اقتصادی مردم بر ترجیحات آنان تأثیرگذار است یا خیر؟ به همین منظور روش پژوهش حاضر، ترکیبی از نوع توصیفی_پیمایشی انتخاب شده و از نرم­افزارهای SPSS22 و AMOS23 برای تحلیل داده­ها و از آزمون­های فریدمن و آنوا برای به آزمون گذاشتن فرضیات بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش، مبین آن است که میان سطح اقتصادی افراد بر نوع ترجیحات آنها در انتخاب مسکن از بعد سلامت تأثیرگذار است. به این ترتیب که توجه به شاخص­های سلامت روان در بالاترین سطح در انتخاب مسکن برای همه اقشار اقتصادی قرار دارد و با افزایش توان اقتصادی خانوار، توجه به شاخص­های سلامت اجتماعی بر شاخص­های سلامت جسمانی پیشی می­گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the effects of health components on Choosing the Optimal rental Housing among Citizens of Shiraz

نویسندگان [English]

  • Malihe Taghipour 1
  • aliakbar heidari 2
  • maryam haghayegh 3

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Yasouj University, Iran.

3 PhD Student, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The rapid population growth and transformation of apartments into the dominant form of urban residence have created new health issues in human life. The consequences, threatening residents’ health, include increase in vitamin D deficiency, overweight, decrease in physical health, social isolation and a variety of social injuries, decrease in personal space, and decrease in mental health. From the World Health Organization’s point of view, health involves provision of three dimensions thereof at the same time: physical, mental, and social. In addition to the above, however, it seems that the economic index has a direct, immediate impact on individuals’ quality of life and health. Therefore, the present study sought to investigate the three aspects of health in terms of the achievement of cooperation with the fields of architecture, medical science, psychology, and social sciences in the preferences of people with different economic conditions upon selection of apartments as housing and the priorities of the components from the three areas that influenced their selections. In this descriptive survey, SPSS 22 and AMOS 23 were used for data analysis, and Friedman test and ANOVA were employed to examine the hypotheses. The results indicated that individuals’ economic and livelihood conditions affected their preferences and concern for the three dimensions (physical, mental, and social) of health in the area of housing. It is noteworthy that economic conditions are considered today as a health-threatening factor, hence their great significance in health policies and disease prevention and intervention measures. Furthermore, the results obtained from the paper emphasized the need to consider the effects of the physical components of buildings on residents’ health, where a building could prevent the occurrence of disease in the residents and prevent an excessive amount of money from being spent for treatment. These findings can provide useful guidelines for policy-makers in the field of construction and social institutions influencing the promotion of modern urban living patterns. What is clear is that the current pattern of modern urban living and housing common in Iran is an obsolete model imported from other countries regardless of the psychological, physical, and social aspects of individuals’ lives. It therefore fails to meet the current requirements of the society, and can have harmful physical, psychological, and social effects in the long run. Modification of this model requires cooperation from medical and social scientists, psychologists, and architects and designers, development of regulations and construction standards, and cooperation from the relevant bodies (the municipality and engineering system) and medical, humanities, and social scientists. Based on the results of studies that have critically scrutinized the details of living in apartments, the organizations in charge of construction can also take important steps in establishment of laws and regulations that affect residents’ health to improve their quality of life. Based on the comprehensive dimensions of health, further achievements will hopefully be made in the construction industry and the design of residential units, so that people’s health will not be threatened by buildings, which can even have therapeutic properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • apartment as housing
  • physical health
  • mental health
  • social health
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