نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

2 دانشیار معماری، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان

10.34785/J011.2019.179

چکیده

نگاهی گذرا به عرصه­های عمومی شهری اهمیت میدان به عنوان محیطی مصنوع در شهر را به ذهن متبادر می­سازد. محیطی که بیش از آن که نقش گره را در معادلات شهری بازی کند، به عنوان مکانی برای حضور اقشار مختلف جامعه و عرصه عینی بروز تعاملات اجتماعی پایدار، بستری برای همزیستی مسالمت­آمیز شهروندان و محلی برای گذران اوقات فراغت مردم شناخته می­شود. توسعه­های شهری اخیر، وسعت گرفتن شهرها و افزایش حضور وسایل نقیله شهری میدان­ها را تنها به گره­هایی در راستای حل ترافیک موجود شهر بدل ساخته است. در حالی که نخستین بار میدان فقط برای انسان، حضور و ایجاد روابط اجتماعی در عرصه­های شهری پدید آمد. نادیده گرفتن رابطه انسان و محیط به خصوص در میادین شهری که نقشی پر رنگ در فضاهای شهری برعهده دارند از یک سو و جلوگیری از بی­استفاده ماندن فضاهای شهری، تبدیل شدن عرصه­های شهری به فضاهای نگاشتی( عقلی و مهندسی) و عمدتاً گره­های ترافیکی در سطوح شهرها از سوی دیگر ضرورت پژوهش حاضر را روشن می­سازد. بررسی رابطه میان استفاده­کنندگان و ویژگی­های محیطی به دلیل یافتن راه­حل­های طراحی از الگوهای قرارگاه­های رفتاری و کاربست آن در راستای طراحی­های هوشمندانه آتی در پروژه­های شهری از اهداف اصلی این تحقیق است. روش تحقیق به کار گرفته شده کاربردی است که مبتنی بر مطالعات اسنادی و مشاهدات غیر درگیرانه محیطی و پیمایشی است. برداشت­های میدانی که از مشاهده حضوری ادراک رفتار استفاده­کنندگان به دست آمد، به وسیله نرم­افزار SPSS 22 کمی شده و مورد تحلیل و بررسی آماری قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان می­دهد، مردم به طور مساوی درگیر ابعاد اجتماعی و فیزیکی میدان بوعلی سینا هستند. استفاده­کنندگان صحنه­ها و قرارگاه­های رفتاری را که شرایطی مناسب برای گردهم آمدن، ایجاد رفتارهای اجتماعی، محملی برای دیدار دوستان، آشنایان و افراد غریبه و فعالیت­های متنوع و دارای معنای خاص و متحد باشند را ترجیح می­دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Using Behavioral Map To analysis Urban Space case study Bu Ali Sina square in Hamedan

نویسندگان [English]

  • sajjad zolfigol 1
  • mehrdad Karimi moshaver 2

چکیده [English]

A quick view of the public spaces in each city would reveal the role of the square as a built environment. Assessment of “city life” involves a qualitative evaluation of different activities and the way different people perform them (group or individual activities, state of activities, the time of each activity). An environment that plays the role of an urban node in cities is recognized as the place of presence of different social groups and the physical realm of sustainable social interaction. The latest urban developments, expansion of cities and increased number of vehicles make squares act as a node to solve the traffic problem of cities while the first-made squares were intended for the presence of humans and social relationships in urban realms. In fact, prior to addressing the effect of humans and environment (separately without considering their relationship) on urban design and urban space, it is essential to understand their relations, the ways they are related, and the causes and effects of such relationships. Indeed, human, environment and their relationship should be considered in the urban design process. The relation between humans and environment is a process that connects them and provides the possibility of social interactions. Urban space is full of actions and reactions of people with specific behaviors and behavior settings. People’s presence in public spaces and social communities, the dynamic behavior of users, increased people’s spirit and appropriate use of public space are helpful in having a prosperous and dynamic society. Therefore, human activity, as a determining factor in improving the form and meaning attributes of a place, can result in vitalizing and diversifying the place. The behavior setting theory announces that it can be considered as a basic unit for an environment that simultaneously includes physical and social factors in the whole frame and affects user behavior. Behavior settings are real units of environment that naturally occur and are identifiable for people inside those settings because they have relationships with their daily life. The significance of the relationship between humans and urban environment, especially squares that have a vital role in urban spaces, reveals the importance of this research. The primary goal of this research is reviewing the relationship between users and environmental quality in order to improve intelligent designs for people. This practical research applies such techniques as documentary review, non-participant observation and survey. Field notes were obtained through observation and perception of users’ behaviors. The obtained data was analyzed in SPSS22 software. The analyses, conducted for several distinct purposes, overlap to some extent, while, at the same time, leaving many other possible applications behind. While a design framework is often cited as the reason for conducting these analyses, a still more systematic way to approach behavior analyses in urban design is required with the potential to supplement and extend the traditional methods with new layers referring to temporary and spatial behavior. The result points out that people are equally involved with social and physical aspects of Bu Ali Sina square. The users prefer behavior settings that provide the grounds for gathering, creating social behaviors, visiting friends and strangers, and doing different activities with a unifying meaning.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban Space
  • Behavior Setting
  • Behavior Map
  • Urban Square
  • Bu Ali Sina Square
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