نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو

2 معاون پژوهشی شهرداری اصفهان و استادیار دانشگاه هنر اصفهان

10.34785/J011.2019.383

چکیده

امروزه یکی از مشکلات اساسی، فرسودگی بافت­های شهری ناشی از کمبود دسترسی و نفوذناپذیری است. مطالعات انجام شده بر روی بافت­های فرسوده نشان می­دهد که عامل اصلی فرسودگی براساس معیار نفوذپذیری بیشتر ناشی از ضعف ساختار فضایی شبکه معابر است. بنابراین آنچه در وضعیت موجود بررسی آن مهم شده، سنجش میزان تأثیرگذاری ارزش­های ساختار فضایی بر میزان فرسودگی در معابر با عرض­های کمتر از شش متر است که می­تواند کمک مؤثری در شناخت و بهبود وضعیت موجود اینگونه بافت­ها داشته باشد. این پژوهش با هدف سنجش رابطه شاخص­های ساختار فضایی شبکه ارتباطی از منظر چیدمان فضا با فرسودگی ناشی از شاخص نفوذناپذیری با استفاده از روش رگرسیون لجستیک انجام گرفته است. روش تحقیق، توصیفی _ تحلیلی بوده که اطلاعات نظری آن از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه­ای جمع­آوری گردید. با توجه به این که تاکنون تحقیقات انجام گرفته در بررسی ساختار فضایی شبکه ارتباطی از منظر چیدمان فضا متکی بر تحلیل کمی شاخص­های آن و یا تحلیل گرافیکی بوده، در تحقیق حاضر سعی بر آن شده تا با تولید نقشه عرض معبر کل بافت فرسوده و کد دهی و الحاق آن به این شاخص­ها برای سنجش رابطه بین آنها از روش سنجش و اندازه­گیری آماری استفاده شود و از این زاویه نیز موضوع مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. بدین منظور برای پاسخگویی به سئوالات پژوهش، رابطه بین متغیرهای مستقل ساختار شبکه معابر و متغیر وابسته نقوذپذیری به کمک رگرسیون لجستیک بررسی شد. از این رو در بافت­های فرسوده شهر زنجان بنا به نتایج حاصله از آماره والد، نشان داد که متغیر هم­پیوندی فراگیر و انتخاب تأثیر معنی­داری بر فرسودگی ناشی از شاخص عرض معبر بافت فرسوده شهر زنجان ندارد. در صورتی که متغیر اتصال (با کمترین تغییر) و سپس هم­پیوندی محلی، تأثیر معنی­داری بر افزایش یا کاهش میزان فرسودگی در وضعیت موجود دارد؛ چنانچه این معنی­داری در سطح پنج­درصد خطا با فرسودگی در عرض­های کمتر از شش متر وجود داشته است. این نتیجه برای مقدار اتصال با نسبت بخت 358/0 بیشترین موفقیت را در کاهش میزان فرسودگی نسبت به شاخص هم­پیوندی محلی با نسبت بخت 443/0 دارد. این مسئله بیانگر آن است که بهبود اتصال و هم­پیوندی محلی در بافت­های فرسوده شهر زنجان از عوامل مهم در کاهش میزان فرسودگی خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Measuring the effect of spatial structure indices of Street network on the urban decay caused by impermeability in the city of Zanjan

نویسندگان [English]

  • zeynab aliabadi 1
  • mahmoud mohammdi 2

1 student

2 teacher

چکیده [English]

This research was conducted to investigate the effects of the parameters pertaining to the spatial structure of passages on imperviousness in passages less than six meters wide, which has led to distressed areas in the city of Zanjan, Iran. The research questions inquired what factors in the spatial structure of the passage network affected the distress caused by imperviousness and how they could be examined. The above questions were addressed using a statistical method known as the logistic regression test, specifying the presence or absence of a relationship between imperviousness and space syntax indices, such as global and local integration, connection, selection, and depth. The results demonstrated that some of the spatial structure index variables could be effective on the amount of distress.
According to the Wald statistic results and the relevant sig. values, the variables global integration and selection did not have a significant effect on the amount of distress in passages less than six meters wide in the distressed areas of Zanjan, because the values in the B column were positive, and the corresponding sig. values ​​were not significant at the error level of 0.05. This indicated that there was proper global relationship and integration between the passage network in distressed areas and those in the surrounding areas. In other words, distressed area neighborhoods were not poorer than those around them in terms of global integration, and an increase in global integration would not have a considerable effect on distress in passages less than six meters wide.
On the other hand, connection and local integration, in that order, had significant effects on distress in Zanjan in the present conditions, because the values in the B column were negative, and the corresponding sig. values were statistically significant at the error level of 0.05. This demonstrated that distress could be reduced with an increase in connection in successive dead ends and in local integration in passages within neighborhoods in distressed areas in Zanjan.
The overall results of the analysis showed that poor internal structure (poor connection or local integration) in distressed areas in Zanjan was the main factor increasing the amount of distress, and such a weakness in interconnection in neighborhoods with several dead ends had made them difficult to access. These hardly accessible points on passages less than six meters wide within neighborhoods could be spatially isolated over time, increasing distress. Given the poor local structure, therefore, it was suggested for reduction of distress in infected areas in Zanjan that connection and local integration should be increased.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spatial Structure Indices
  • Imperviousness Index
  • Passage Network
  • Logistic Regression
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