Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
University of Mohaghegh Ardabil
Abstract
Objectives: Urban and regional development in developing countries depends largely on the desirable use of the industrial sector. Meanwhile, small and medium-sized industries play a very important role. These industries often form industry clusters because of the economy of scale. In a developing country like Iran, most industry clusters are scattered in regional spaces in an unplanned manner because of the spatial-regional planning weaknesses. This issue results in the formation and aggravation of regional development instability. A proper use of the advantages of industry clusters requires their accurate locating in regional levels. It is necessary to use appropriate methods to locate proper industry clusters. This study seeks to find an answer to the question of which area of Ardabil province is suitable to locate industry clusters. The main goal of this study is to identify appropriate areas for the settlement of industry clusters in Ardabil province. In this context, based on the potential of wood industry clusters, these clusters are selected as sample. There are 20 indexes in the form of VIKTOR decision making criteria in GIS environment. Arc GIS10.3 and IDRISI SELVA software are used for data analysis and output capture. The findings of this study indicate that immediate areas to urban settlements of the province are the most appropriate areas to launch wood industry clusters because of the geographical advantages. Finally, based on the results, some suggestions are presented for space planning in the development of industry clusters in the studied area.
Findings: From the last output of the VIKTOR locating model we found that: A) Urban population centers, especially the cities, access to fundamental sources, direction of the wind and distance from faults, soil slope (topography), land use and basic infrastructures will play an important role in the establishment of new industry clusters. B) Cities play a very important role in locating industry clusters because they contribute to economic and environmental conditions, including labor force, infrastructure and consumer markets. C) The central parts of Ardabil province have the most suitable areas to locate industry clusters.
Results: The results of this study showed that the suburbs of urban settlements are appropriate to locate and develop wood industry clusters. The economy of scale, accessibility of infrastructures of transportation, natural conditions and environmental requirements, centralization of population and human forces are the most important indicators in locating these industries. The following suggestions are made based on the findings of the study:
1) Provincial development plans should not be only regional. Spatial planning is needed for the development of industry.
2) These plans are not only specific to the industrial sector, it is also necessary to consider regional potential (vegetation, population, infrastructures) in the development of new industry clusters.
3) Regarding the environmental components (water, soil, trees, etc.), it is necessary to pay serious attention to the permanent regional development and the requirements of the future generations in locating industry clusters.
4) Considering the proportion of selected areas to locate industry clusters, it is needed to concentrate on these areas – resulted from the combination of different criteria – in the industrial sector development.
5) It is suggested that industry managers and policy makers of the province and region avoid intolerances and turn to interdisciplinary collaboration to conduct more comprehensive studies through spatial planning.
It is necessary to follow the basics of spatial planning, especially in the industrial sector of the studied province, to achieve proper regional development.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Afkhami, V, Razavi, M. (2002). Industrial networks and clusters, publications of small industries and industrial suburbs organization of Tehran.[in Persian]
- Akhavan, H, Nazari, R. (2007). The performance of industrial suburbs in Golestan province and giving some administrative solutions for them. Economic magazine publication, seventh edition, number 73 and 74: 5-23.[in Persian]
- Ashour, H. (2011). The study and analysis of the proportion and attraction in the industrial towns of Amol, in the settlement of industrial units, MA thesis in the field of geography and urban planning. University of Mohaghegh Ardebili. Literature and humanities university, Ardabil.[in Persian]
- Ataei, Mohammad. (2010). The methods of multiple-criteria decision making, Publication of Shahrood University of technology.[in Persian]
- Azimi, Naser, (2003), national – regional somatic designs in Iran: one step to permanent development, urban management magazine, number 63, 13 -52.[in Persian]
- Boja.C.)2012(.Ciustersmodel.factorsand.characteristics.international Journal of practicesand Throries,vol.1,NO.1
- Ebadi, H, (2009). Design and enforcement of applicable GIS in the locating of industry suburbs by using phase models, technical faculty publication of Khaje Nasir University of technology, number 4, 417 – 429.[in Persian]
- Fernanedz, R. (2009). Descriptive model and Evaluation system to Locate Sustain able industrial areas.journalof cleaner production,11:87-100
- Forslid, R., Haaland, J.I., Midelfart, K.H. (2002). AU-shaped Europe? A simulation study of industrial location.” Journal of International Economics, 57: 273–97.
- Fritsch, M, Kauffeld-monz, M. (2008). The impact of network structure on knowledge transfer: an application of social network analysis in the context of regional innovation networks, The Annals of Regional Science, 44: 21-38.
- Ghamkhari, Amid. (2009), studying the effect of information technology on the exports of small and medium-sized industries in Iran, management perspective magazine, number 32, 16 – 31.[in Persian]
- Ghanbari, Y, Barghi, H, Hajarian, H, (2011). The evaluation of industrial components’ space distribution in the townships of the Isfahan province, space planning magazine, first year, number 1, 17 – 36.[in Persian]
- Hadi, Zenooz, B, Barmaki, A. (2011) the identification of industry clusters in Tehran province, measure economic periodical (studying the former economic), 8th edition, number 1, 1 -22.[in Persian]
- HosseinZadehDalir, K, Safari, F. (2012). The effect of intelligent planning on the space disciplinary of the city, geography and urban development magazine, first year, number 134, 1 – 99.[in Persian]
- Jafari, H, Karimi, S. (2005). Locating appropriate lands to settle industry in Qom province by using geographical information system, ecology magazine, number 37, 45 - 58.[in Persian]
- Jahani, E. (1998). The abilities of satellite data and geographical information system in the ground assessment studies, issue planning: Abriz area in Taleghan, MA thesis, TarbiatModares university, Tehran.[in Persian]
- KhalifeGholi, M, (2007). Space development of industrial towns by strategic planning, issue sampling: Isfahan, MA thesis, ShahidBeheshtiUniversity, earth science faculty.[in Persian]
- Khaliji, M, ZarAbadi, S, Saadat, Z. (2015). The analysis of industrial suburbs locating in Tabriz Township, regional planning magazine, number 19, 101 – 114.[in Persian]
- Larimian, T, Sadegh, Arash, Molabashi, A. (2012). The settlement of the suburbs and industrial areas, considering the environmental effect of industry section. Issue planning: SemnanTownship. Second environment planning and management conference, University of Tehran, faculty of environment.[in Persian]
- Malachowski, Yacheck. (2006). Geographical information system and multiple-criteria decision making analysis, translated by Akbar Parhizgar and Ata Ghafari Gilandeh, Tehran, Samt publications, first print.
- MalekiNejad, Amir. (2011) an analysis about the role of small and medium-sized industries on the economic development, Rahbord magazine, number 8, 141 – 170.[in Persian]
- Mohamadi, M, Asgari, Gh. (2011).The effect of entrepreneurship personality on entrepreneurship opportunities in small and medium-sized marketing, entrepreneurship development periodical, number 13, 181 – 194.[in Persian]
- Motamedi, Mahdiyeh. (2012), the study of preventing and propellant factors in the growth and development of industry clusters. Issue planning: Yazd textile cluster, management improvement periodical, sixth year, number 3, 203 – 226.[in Persian]
- MotieiLngeroodi, H, Toorani, A, SoleimanBeigi, R, (2011). The space consequences analysis caused by the settlement of industrial suburbs in the village area in central part of MinoodashtCounty. Urban- regional study and investigation magazine, number 9, 39 – 58.[in Persian]
- Nasrollahi, Z, GhFarrokhi, F. (2011). The effective factors on the settlement of suburbs, regarding to permanent development indexes and their priorities by using triangle phase numbers, economic growth and development investigations, number 7, 93 – 123.[in Persian]
- Papoli, M. (2008). The theories of town and environs. The organization of humanity books study and compilation publications in Tehran universities.[in Persian]
- Pour Ahmad, A, Falahian, N, (2005). Studying of the industrial pivots formation process in the suburbs of Tehran, emphasizing on the pivot of Karaj – Ghazvin, the magazine of geographical investigations, number 53. 173 – 192.[in Persian]
- Rabieai, H. (2011). The desirable areas for industry settlement according to passive defense principles aspect, by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) researching method and geographical information system, issue planning: Qazvin province, MA thesis, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran branch.[in Persian]
- Rahimi, H, NikSirat, M. (2012). The settlement of Science and technology clusters by the analytic hierarchy process method and using local information system, issue planning: science and technology cluster of Yazd, specialized periodical of parks and development centers, ninth year, number 33, 63 – 70.[in Persian]
- Rangzan, K, Saberi, A, Bakhtiari, M. (2015). The settlement of wooden industry units in Khoozestan province by using network analyzing process method in GIS environment, regional planning periodical, fifth year, number 71, 45 – 58.[in Persian]
- Ravanestan, Kazem. (2012). Management challenges in the development of marketing clusters, National Entrepreneurship conference and knowledge structure marketing management, Entrepreneurship trilogy centers, the development of technology units and connection to the industry (society), Ramsar, pp. 1 -19.[in Persian]
- Rezai, M, Khavarian, A. (2013) the analysis of criteria and indexes of industrial suburbs by emphasizing on the space planning basics and ground preparation in Iran, geography and urban- regional preparation, number 12, 1 – 12.[in Persian]
- Ruiz, M.C., Romero, E., Perez, M.Fernandez, J.)2012(.Development And Application of A Multi –Criteteria Spatial Deci Sion Support System Planning Sustainable Industrial Area in Northem Spain, Automation In Construction.
- Saaty R.W. (2003). Decision making in complex environment: The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for decision making and the analytic network process (ANP) for decision making with dependence and feedback; Pittsburgh, Super Decisions.
- Sarrafi, M. (1998) The Fundamentals of Regional Development Planning. Tehran: Plan and Budget Organization Publications, [In Persian].
- Shad, R, Ebadi, H, Mesgari, M, VafaiNejad, A, (2009). Operational design and enforcement for the settlement of industry suburbs by the use of distinctive and genetics measure phase models, technical faculty publication, 63th edition, number 6, 417 – 429.[in Persian]
- Soltani, Saba, Menvari, M, Rafati, M. (2009). Industrial preparation in Qazvin province, geographical periodical of the land, science – studious, sixth year, number 144, 21 – 129.
- Statistical center of Iran. (2017). Report of iran 2016 population census. https://www.amar.org.ir.[in Persian]
- Vecchiato, R.Roveda, C. (2010). Strategic foresight in corporate organizations: assessing the effect and response uncertainty of technology and social drivers of change. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 77(9): 1527-1539.
- Yasoori, Majid. (2012), studying the condition of industry settlement and industry suburbs locating in MashhadCounty, land preparation periodical, 5th edition, number 9, 261 – 288.[in Persian]
- Zali, N. (2012). Planning Pathology in Iran Based on Mission-centrism in Regional Development Policy–Making. Regional Planning Journal, Vol.No. 6. 81-89, [In Persian].
- Zali, N., Zali, R. (2010). Stability of Tenure of Regional Development Managers during 1979-2005 Case Study: Senior Managers of EastAzabaijanProvince. Vol. 3, No. 23, 2010, 83-108. ]In Persian[
)