Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Associate Professor at University of Tehran
2 Graduated in Climatology, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran
3 Professor, Department of Natural Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran
Abstract
Urban spaces with different characteristics from natural environments require revision of traditional climatic zoning so that climatic conditions can be used in city planning and management. The city of Tehran, with its topographical, structural, physical, and geometrical characteristics and different urban development patterns, has different responses to different climatic conditions. Homogeneous climate response units (HCR) perform urban climate classification based on building density maps and the natural geomorphology of the earth, their purpose is to prepare a map with a set of homogenous areas with urban space, and its advantage is in providing climate guidelines for Planning is in comprehensive urban plans. To conduct the study, layers of spatial information of land use/cover, building density, green spaces, hydrographic network, air temperature, precipitation, road network, population density and city topography were used in the GIS environment. By integrating the layers of information, the urban climate map of Tehran was obtained in 17 climatic units, followed by 8 climatic guidelines for urban planning. The results obtained from the analysis of the findings showed that mountains, riverbeds, lakes and green spaces are among the most important homogenous climate response units of Tehran, which should be preserved. The central and southern areas of the city do not have favourable weather conditions and proper ventilation and have heat stress and high-intensity air pollution. One of the reasons is the high construction density, population, activity, traffic and lack of green infrastructure. The north of Tehran has a good climatic condition, one of the reasons for which is the proximity of this area to the mountains and rivers of the north of the city. The physical expansion of the city on the side of the heights, especially in the direction of the gorges often reduces the dynamic capacity of the atmosphere, ventilation and air circulation. It is one of the factors of increases the environmental heat load the formation of urban heat islands and intensifying air pollution.
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