Document Type : Research Paper
Author
Associate professor, Depertment of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj
Abstract
Iran faces fundamental challenges in energy production, supply, and management on a large scale. Estimating and visualizing the energy needs on a city scale using real data based on energy benchmarks is an accurate method for smart urban planning and management. This study estimates the energy consumption of Marivan city, Kurdistan province, Iran, at the building level, and based on them, the urban energy consumption maps have been created to indicate how much electricity and heating energy was consumed. Calculations were performed using two independent variables i.e., the building conditioned area and its function, as well as the dependent variable, namely the annual electricity and thermal (natural gas) consumption. The data were screened and organized using GIS modeling, therefore, two types of maps were produced. According to the results, the city center had the highest while, the northern part had the lowest energy consumption. The residential buildings consumed ten times more energy than the non-residential buildings due to their large number in the city. The energy map analysis showed that Marivan city needs 2032 MWh of thermal and 117 MWh of electricity energy annually. Based on the average energy demand analysis, the highest electricity demand of 41 MWh is in the summer season, whereas the lowest is 33 MWh in the spring. The highest thermal consumption is 855 MWh in the winter, while the lowest consumption of 239 MWh is observed in the summer. This method can be extrapolated to other cities. Furthermore, several studies were also proposed for the future to manage the energy in cities more intelligently.
Keywords
- Energy mapping at city
- Energy demand mapping and modeling
- Sustainable architecture and city
- Smart city management
- Energy benchmarking
Main Subjects
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