نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشگاه ازاد واحد تهران مرکز

10.34785/J011.2018.008

چکیده

بازآفرینی فرهنگ مبنا و گردشگری فرهنگی، دو روی سکه نوسازی بافت های ارزشمند شهری محسوب می شوند؛ اولی فرایندی همه جانبه برای نجات بافت قدیم شهر از اضمحلال کالبد و فعالیت و دومی رهیافتی کارآمد با بُن مایه مشارکت مردم، میراث فرهنگی و هنر در بسیج نیروهای اجتماعی و فرهنگی بافت قلمداد می شوند. در این مقاله تعامل این دو در چارچوب برنامه ریزی راهبردی توسعه گردشگری فرهنگیِ بافت قدیم شهر رشت که محدوده محلات زاهدان و ساغریسازان را در بر می گیرد، مورد کنکاش قرار گرفته است. روش تحقیق توصیفی_تحلیلی بوده و از ترکیبی از ابزارهای کیفی و کمی شامل پرسشنامه و جداول تحلیل عوامل درونی و بیرونی برای طبقه بندی و تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می دهند که بافت قدیم شهر رشت با وجود دارا بودن منابع فرهنگی درون خود، به دلیل ضعف زیرساخت های گردشگری فرهنگی و عدم خلاقیت در کاربست فرهنگ و هنر در فرایند بازآفرینی فرهنگ مبنا نتوانسته از این منابع محلی بهره جوید. در راستای بهره گیری از این ظرفیت ها، راهبردهای دارای اولویت به همراه سیاست های اجرایی و برنامه اقدامات به منظور فعالسازی این ظرفیت ها برای توسعه گردشگری فرهنگی در عین حفاظت فعال از هویت و میراث بافت، تدوین شدند. ایجاد جاذبه های گردشگری نو و متفاوت با احیای سنت های آیینی و بومی بافت و ارائه به گردشگران، بهسازی بناهای تاریخی با تزریق فعالیت های جاذب برای گردشگران و پیاده­راه سازی محور دارای قابلیت بازار_ خواهر امام _زرجوب از جمله با اولویت ترین راهبردهای تدوین شده برای بازآفرینی فرهنگ مبنا از طریق گردشگری شهری در بافت قدیم شهر رشت  محسوب می شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Urban Tourism Strategic Planning Using Culture-led Urban Regeneration Approach in Historical part (Case study: Old district of Rasht city)

نویسندگان [English]

  • musa pazhoohan 1
  • zahra poormoghadam 2

1 tehran

2 دانشگاه ازاد واحد تهران مرکز

چکیده [English]

The culture-led urban regeneration and cultural tourism are two sides of a coin in the renovation of valuable urban areas. The first is a comprehensive process for saving the deteriorated urban areas of the city from the destruction of physic and activity, and the latter is the most effective way of promoting people’s participation, culture and art and mobilizing social and cultural forces for old urban areas.  Culture-led urban regeneration is one of the most recent approaches to sustainable urban regeneration, which, after many years of experience, has proved its legitimacy not only as a theoretical approach, but also as a practical strategy for the modernization and improvement of the old neighborhoods. The contribution of the cultural and human heritage of valuable neighbors to the process of regeneration can be realized because the local economy and related businesses would be supported through tourism development and tourists’ interest in such neighborhoods. Therefore, the culture-led urban regeneration through tourism development can be considered as one of the most promising solutions for the sustainable regeneration of old towns. When tourism is considered as way of rehabilitation of the underlying culture, culture-based tourism is clearly intended. Cultural tourism is defined as a type of tourism whose main purpose is to spread the horizons of knowledge through the discovery of artistic heritage or architecture of a land. This article investigates the interaction of the two in the framework of strategic planning of cultural tourism development in the old fabric of Rasht, which covers the Zahedan and Sagharisazan neighborhoods. The research method is descriptive-analytic, using a combination of qualitative and quantitative tools, including a questionnaire, for data collection. The internal and external factors are evaluated through a panel of 30 local experts, including experts from the Municipality and Cultural Heritage and Tourism Department. The sampling method was snowball sampling due to the uncertainty of the population. The results show that, despite having its own cultural resources, the old fabric of Rasht has not been able to use local resources due to the weakness of the cultural tourism infrastructure and the lack of creativity in the use of art and culture in the process of culture-led urban regeneration. Prioritized strategies, executive policies and action plans were developed for mobilizing cultural and artistic sources in developing cultural tourism while actively protecting cultural heritage and identity simultaneously. Creating new and different tourist attractions through reviving ritual traditions, improving historic buildings by planning attractive activities for tourists and pedestrinization of Bazar-Khahar-e- Imam –Zarjub are among the most prioritized strategies designed for cultural-led urban regeneration through urban tourism in the old fabric of Rasht. Besides, the results of this article show that the plan for tourism development in the Iranian historical neighborhoods should be a long-term plan that prioritizes the provision of infrastructure and changes in short-term views towards urban management.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cultural-led urban regeneration
  • urban tourism
  • strategic planning
  • historical neighborhoods
  • Rasht
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