نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• عیسی پیری ¹
• لیلا هاشمی ²

¹ استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

² دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

       پژوهشِ حاضر مبتنی بر نگرش دیالکتیکی، تفسیری هرمنوتیکی از رنسانس خیابانی به‌عنوان ابزاری در دستیابی به استراتژی­های نوزایی و برنامه‌ریزی‌های انسان‌محور به منظور بهبود کیفیت زیست اجتماعی و ارتقای روزمرگی شهروندان در قلمروهای باز شهری است. این مطالعه درصدد است تا تأثیرپذیری فضاهای باز شهری را از مقوله‌های متنوعِ اقتصادی، اجتماعی _ فرهنگی، کالبدی و زیبایی شناسانه‌ که سابقاً به‌واسطه‌ رنسانس شهری به‌عنوان متأخرترین پارادایم در حل پرابلماتیک شهر شناخته ‌شده است را در قالب ‌استراتژی­هایی بیان نماید. از آنجایی‌ که این قلمروها تجلّیگاه حیات اجتماعی شهر و مکانی بر تبلور اندیشه‌های مدنی شهروندان هستند، این مطالعه گامی در راستای نوزایی، تحولات فضایی و تولید و بازتولید فضاهای اجتماعی از دست‌ رفته‌ شهر و ایده‌ای برخاسته از نظریه با رویکرد انسان‌محوری است. در حالی‌ که گردآوری اطلاعات به‌صورت اسنادی و میدانی با استفاده از پرسشنامه، مشاهده و مصاحبه و شاخص سازی تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها به روش کیفی با تحلیل محتوای متن، کدگذاری و تحلیل با نرم‌افزار MAXQDA انجام می‌گیرد، به دلیل موردی بودن پژوهش، تجزیه‌وتحلیل یافته‌های کمی در راستای توجیه یافته‌های کیفی با Amos انجام شد. جامعه‌ آماری پژوهش، پانل‌های هموژن از متخصصان امر هستند. نتایج حاصل از واکاوی‌ها، حکایت از وجود توان‌های بالقوه و پتانسیل‌های بالای محدوده موردمطالعه و البته مطلوبیتِ شرایط در انسانی شدن فضا دارند که به‌واسطه استراتژی­های رنسانس مبنای ارائه‌ شده در متن محقق می‌شوند. این پژوهش رنسانس خیابانی را به‌عنوان پاسخی بر ارتقای این پتانسیل‌ها معرفی می‌نماید، در حالی‌ که رنسانس خیابانی منجر به پایداری اجتماعی در محدوده مطالعاتی و درنهایت در کل شهر خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• رنسانس خیابانی
• پرابلماتیک خیابانی
• بازخوانی فضا
• استراتژی‌های رنسانس مبنا

موضوعات

• برنامه ریزی شهری

عنوان مقاله [English]

Street Renaissance: an explanation of the re-imagining the social life of the central part of Zanjan

نویسندگان [English]

• isa piri ¹
• Leila Hashemi ²

¹ Department of Geography & Urban planning, Faculty of Human Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran

² Department of Geography & Urban planning, Faculty of Human Sciences, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran

چکیده [English]

 
Highlights

Street renaissance as a responsive tool in problematic solution of public areas of the city, especially the street and re-reading social life, preserving civilization, achieving the idea of an interactive humanist space
Renaissance in order to renew the desirability of urban open spaces
Social-cultural revival of the street
Street renaissance as a tool in the production and reproduction of human-centered social spaces
In Renaissance strategies, the focus is on man and on human planning and design

  
1. Introduction
Addressing urban problematics by pondering urban streets and introducing street renaissance as a functional tool in solution of urban problems and social revitalization of public spaces will eventually generate and regenerate human living spaces that lead to different experiences of space objectivity on citizens’ subjectivity
2.Theoretical Framework
_ The concept of renaissance and urban renaissance
Renaissance means rebirth and a form of birth in a new life.
_ The concept of street and street renaissance
Street renaissance is a revolution in the sphere of technocratic and elitist reflection on the city, which fearlessly attacks the distressed, soulless body of the city, and is based on human dignity and a democratic, socio-cultural movement that seeks to cross out the unsightly streets of the city, leading to the renewal of utility on various perceptual, functional, and aesthetic dimensions of urban public spaces, including streets, sidewalks, squares, and sometimes neighborhoods.
 Urban renaissance is an idea aimed at the success of urban regeneration programs, promotion of sustainable lifestyles, design of physical spaces, and inclusion of all social groups in the city. On the other hand, urban renaissance is an approach to socio-cultural and economic revitalization.
_ Conceptualization of the indicators
The ideal of street renaissance is to present human spaces, generate and regenerate spaces as places for invitation and constant presence of citizens, and generate spaces admired by citizens. Therefore, for specification of the effectiveness of the indicators and components extracted from the contents, indexing is first carried out based on the criteria of environmental response, generation of social spaces, and human orientation of the space.
_ Renaissance-based strategies
Innovation strategies and human-oriented planning are aimed at improving the biosocial quality and enhancing the daily lives of citizens in open urban areas. Renaissance strategies are based on functional strategies in policy-making, planning, and design of public urban spaces that provide the scope of activity and the path to the desired conditions. These solutions can affect areas such as streets, sidewalks, and squares from economic, social, cultural, and other aspects and provide a policy and perspective on what they should be. They include economy-based strategies, culturally-oriented strategies, and social and aesthetic street strategies.
3. Methodology
The present study involved a dual analysis with both quantitative and qualitative methods; therefore, for specification of the effectiveness of the indicators and components extracted from the contents, indexing was first carried out based on the criteria of environmental response, generation of social spaces, and human orientation of the space.
_ Questionnaire
A questionnaire with 64 items was made, along with a direct interview  with statistical panels of experts (30 people). In this method, the Delphi technique was used with the Likert spectrum in order to confirm the indicators and components and the validity of the questionnaire according to Lavasheh’s model, where the items are specified by the expert panels as necessary, unnecessary but useful, or unnecessary. 60 of the items were thus specified as necessary.
_ Direct interview
The qualitative research method involved interviews and the content analysis procedure, composed of a point-to-point examination and fragmentation of the research text, a design of questions with raw data for face-to-face interviews on the research scope, and a classification of the phrases based on semantic units and coding of the detected words. In fact, content analysis was made with the three methods of open, axial, and selective coding to identify the core categories corresponding to the main concepts that made up the basic characteristics of the study, a careful bottom-up examination of the text.
_ Amos software
The Amos software was used along with structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis to identify the causal relationships between the variables in terms of how to obtain the street renaissance of the area. A proper level of fitness was indicated, besides a direct relationship between all the components and their effectiveness on each other, demonstrating that the proposed model of structural equations affected street renaissance.
_ MAXQDA software
A model was presented using the MAXQDA software to demonstrate the relationship between the research indicators in order to account for the effectiveness of street renaissance as a practical tool and the implementation of renaissance-based strategies in the generation of human social spaces.
4. Results and Discussion
The quantitative and qualitative analyses demonstrated that the research indicators were of great significance. Therefore, the null hypothesis of insignificance was rejected, and emphasis was placed on promotion of potentials in space. In fact, quantitative and qualitative analysis, along with presentation of renaissance-based solutions, makes up the basis of a solution to the problem of urban open spaces, especially the street, and a reinterpretation of their past social lives.
5. Conclusion
Urban renaissance is a technique from the past century used in urban issues, which aims to innovate in the reflection on the city and the generation of human spaces. It is a model for modification of inefficient parameters and unsuccessful ideas in urban regeneration plans, especially for the street, which can lead to social revitalization of the central part of the city with economic, cultural, physical-structural, and social approaches.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Street Renaissance
• Street Problematic
• Space Reinterpretation
• Basic Renaissance Strategies