نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هئیت علمی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 استادیارپژوهش هنر، دانشکده هنر، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
3 استادیار: گروه هنر، موسسه آموزش عالی نبی اکرم(ص) تبریز، ایران
4 دانشجوی دکترا جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
چکیده
چکیده: در سه دهه اخیر هنر عمومی و ظهور آن در فضاهای شهری توجه بسیاری از متخصصان از جمله طراحان و برنامه‌ریزان شهری، معماران، روانشناسان، جامعه‌شناسان و سیاستمداران را به خود جلب کرده است. هرچند هنر عمومی به عنوان هنر تلفیق شده با فضای عمومی شهرها که در فضاهای سبز شهری، خیابان‌ها، ساختمان‌های عمومی و مجموعه‌های مسکونی قرار دارد، مفهوم جدیدی نیست اما توجه به رویکرد تعاملی بودن و کنش متقابل این نوع هنر با مردم استفاده‌کننده از فضای شهری کمتر در نظر گرفته شده است. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر انواع هنر عمومی در فضاهای شهری بر ارتقاء نشاط درک شده بانوان شهر اردبیل ارائه شده است. این تحقیق به لحاظ ماهیت موضوع از نوع بنیادی-توسعه‌ای و به لحاظ نتایج از نوع پژوهش‌های کاربردی است. روش مورد استفاده در این پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد. داده‌های مورد نیاز در این بررسی از طریق روش‌های میدانی و کتابخانه‌ای گردآوری شده‌اند. جامعه آماری پژوهش بانوان(متخصص و غیرمتخصص هنر، معماری) در شهر اردبیل است. که به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده صورت گرفته است. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم افزارspss و آزمون آماری(t) تک نمونه‌ای استفاده شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که هنر انتزاعی، هنر تعاملی- ایستا و هنر ایستا(مجسمه و تندیس فرهنگی- محلی) بیشترین تاثیر را بر نشاط بانوان داشته و تمایل به ایجاد و گسترش چنین المان‌هایی در فضای شهر اردبیل بیشتر احساس می‌گردد. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش با تلفیق هنرعمومی در فضای شهر اردبیل می‌توان سرزندگی و کیفیت زندگی نیمی از قشر جامعه که بانوان می‌باشند را بهبود بخشید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
The effect of various types of public art in urban spaces on the perceived vitality of women in Ardabil
نویسندگان [English]
- abolfazl abdolahi fard 2
- shiva velayati 3
- samira saeidi zarangi 4
2 Assistant Prof . Art Research, Faculty of Art, University of Islamic Art, Tabriz, Iran
3 Assistant Prof .of Art Department, Nabi Akram Institute of Higher Education, Tabriz, Iran
4 2- Master of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardebil, Iran
چکیده [English]
Introduction
It is not a secret that art has always had a logical and optimistic function in human societies as one of the important pillars of education. The emergence of decent art can control many social anomalies and lead society to a desirable and bright home. Perception of beauty is one of the human needs that citizens in the city want (Moeinifar and, 1392: 21). In this regard, it is necessary in urban design to strengthen the points that are valuable in terms of urban facilities for the benefit of the people, as well as the required factors and forces to pave the way for people to enter and stop in space. Therefore, public art can be used to beautify and improve the visual quality of Ardabil, eliminate architectural problems, beautify, optimize the urban environment and improve the quality of life of the city and its citizens, especially urban women.
Methodology
The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The method of data collection according to the nature of the study is a survey and a library using a questionnaire and interviews with women in Ardabil. To examine the effect of public art on the perceived vitality of women in Ardabil and to answer the research question, a one-sample t-test was used. The results of one-sample t-test show that abstract art has an average (4.71), and the vitality created by this item (4.60), and the tendency to create abstract art in urban space for women (4.63). Which has the highest score among the 41 questions asked of various types of public art. In the next ranks, art embedded in space and applied art with an average (4.25), and art appropriate to the site and natural environment with an average (4.18), art (sculptures of celebrities) with an average (4.16) and finally water fountain Musical or average (4.03) has the highest level of perceived vitality of public art. The output of t-test is a single sample indicating the high level of perceived vitality of women in all kinds of public arts and elements in the urban space of Ardabil.
Results and discussion
In this study, in addition to compiling and presenting a conceptual framework of the impact of Mana and Mira public arts in urban space on the perceived vitality of women based on a set of documents, the effective factors of public art on individuals (professional and non-professional women) to be determined. The results of this research emphasize the high importance of public arts on the vitality created by women. And this is possible through the existence of urban symbols and elements. Therefore, using beautiful urban elements such as Germans is one of the ways to strengthen the identity of urban spaces and vitality in women and other segments of society. Urban elements reflect people's thoughts and are rooted in the natural, historical, socio-cultural characteristics of each city.
These elements must be semantic, functional, and beautiful, while at the same time instilling a sense of beauty in people, in which case they lead to identity. In this research, 13 types of general art, including (applied art, kinetic art, digital art, digital art created on the facade, sound-based art, static interactive art, dynamic-variable interactive art, passive interactive art, musical fountain, static art (sculpture) Cultural-local statues, abstract art, art appropriate to the site, and finally art embedded in natural space) in the form of 41 questions in the form of a visual questionnaire on the level of vitality created by public arts for women (professional and non-professional) in Ardabil. Is located.
Conclusion
In the city of Ardabil, urban elements and public art can be seen only in a small number of sculptures of celebrities and examples of several murals. According to the results of the research, the tendency of women to create various types of public art is felt in the whole area of the city. Ardabil city has a lot of potential to create such arts that unfortunately the managers and planners of the municipality and related bodies do not pay much attention to the vitality and vitality of not only women in Ardabil but all sections of society and this is a social problem especially for half of women. is. Ardabil, which has been the center of the province for more than three decades, has a rich history and culture. In the past, the installation of statues and headstones in urban places and passages has accelerated, which not only did not have the desired result in introducing the city, but also added to the visual chaos in the city
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Ardabil ،General Art
- Interactive Art
- Urban Spaces
- Women'؛ s Enthusiasm
)